Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Empagliflozin has a well-established anti-albuminuric effect in patients with T2DM, but in almost all available trials the baseline blood pressure was well controlled with SB P<140 mmHg. We analyzed the impact of empagliflozin treatment in patients with T2DM and uncontrolled hypertension, and its relationship with the changes in HbA1c and SBP.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the albuminuria, SBP and HbA1c data in patients wit...

Introduction: It has been reported that patients with obesity and T2DM treated with oral semaglutide not only have a reduced total caloric input, but they also tend to reduce the proportion of fatty and sweet foodstuffs in an ad libitum diet. A modest improvement in the lipid profile of patients with obesity and T2DM treated with oral semaglutide has been reported, but its dependence on weight loss is not well established. We undertook to study the mediation effect of...

Introduction: We have recently reported that the use of cyproterone acetate (CPA) is associated with a highly significant increase of the risk of hypertension development after 5 years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.227, P< 0.001) in young transgender women. Due to the risks associated with the prolonged use of CPA (including the development of meningioma), the EMA presently recommends avoiding the use of doses > 10 mg CPA daily if possible. In fact, acceptable effi...

Introduction: Extended-release (ER) metformin has been available in many countries for the last two decades, and it may have definite advantages vs. conventional (i.e., immediate-release) metformin: Reportedly, it may reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects by about half, thus increasing compliance; moreover, the once-a-day schedule may contribute to increased adherence and persistence, and hopefully improved outcomes. However, ER metformin was unavailable in Spain until 2022:...

Introduction: Although usually considered as benign tumors, cavernous hemangiomas are venous malformations due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis and not true neoplasias. They are usually asymptomatic but occasionally can cause compressive symptoms or serious internal bleeding. They may arise in almost any vascularised organ, but their presentation in an adrenal gland is highly infrequent, and can masquerade as pheochromocytoma, adrenal carcinoma or metastatic malignant lesion.</...

Introduction/Aim: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a rare complication in type 2 diabetic patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors; usually there is a triggering factor (major trauma or surgery, sepsis) or misdiagnosis (type 1 diabetes or LADA). Nivolumab is an anti-CD279 monoclonal antibody used as a second-line immunotherapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma; its use has been associated with fulminant type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune endocrine diseases. We hereby present a case of ...

Aim: Description of the differences between patients diagnosed of essential (EH) vs. secondary (SH) hypertension in our Outpatient Hypertension Clinic.Methods: Review of the Clinical Records and of the relevant literature. Comparisons were made by non-paired t-test in continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test in discrete variables.Results: From 1994 to 2018, 49 patients < 20 years old were referred to our (mostly adult)...

Introduction: The defecatory strain in constipated people can raise the blood pressure and occasionally trigger cardiovascular events.Methods: Review of the patient’s clinical records and the relevant literature.Results: Clinical Case: A 53-year old woman with history of breast surgery for adenocarcinoma and chronical constipation had severe resistant hypertension in the previous three years; she had hypertensive crises with ...

Introduction: Betablockers are not a first-line antihypertensive therapy, although they have specific cardiological indications. The use of betablockers, especially the non-selective ones, may be associated with paradoxical hypertension, due to unopposed alpha-adrenergic peripheral vasoconstriction.Methods: Review of the patient’s Clinical Record and of the relevant literature.Results: Clinical Case: A 66 year old woman was r...

Introduction: Silymarin is a standardized extract of the milk thistle (Sylibum marianum) seeds, containing a mixture of flavonolignans: silybinin, isosilybinin, silycristin, silydianin, and others. It is used in the treatment of toxic liver damage and as adjunctive therapy in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown a potential benefit in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We undertook to study the effect of silymarin on...